13. Spain
Years of independence: 521
We are continuing our list of oldest countries and nations in the world with Spain that has close to 50 million people. If we look at the Spanish Constitution from 1978, we could see that it recognizes several contemporary entities and regions, within the context of the Spanish nation. As it is so-called “plurinational state,” its identity consists of many territorial and ethnolinguistic identities all over the country. One of the distinct local identities in Spain is Catalans, which is widely present in the news these days.
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