Reddit, Inc. (NYSE:RDDT) Q1 2024 Earnings Call Transcript

Reddit, Inc. (NYSE:RDDT) Q1 2024 Earnings Call Transcript May 8, 2024

Reddit, Inc. isn’t one of the 30 most popular stocks among hedge funds at the end of the third quarter (see the details here).

Operator: Good afternoon. My name is Julian, and I will be your conference operator today. At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to Reddit’s Q1 2024 Earnings Call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speakers’ remarks, there will be a question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] Thank you. I would now like to turn the call over to Jesse Rose, Head of Investor Relations. You may now begin.

Jesse Rose: Great. Thanks, Julian. Good afternoon, everyone. Welcome to Reddit’s First Quarter 2024 Earnings Conference Call. Joining me today to share our results are Steve Huffman, Reddit’s Co-Founder and CEO; Jen Wong, Reddit’s COO; and Drew Vollero, Reddit’s CFO. Their remarks will be followed by a Q&A session. We issued our first quarter letter to shareholders earlier today and is needed available on our Investor Relations website and our Investor Relations subreddit r/RDDT. Before we get started, I’d like to remind you that our remarks today will include forward-looking statements, including those regarding our future plans, objectives, expected performance and in particular, our guidance for the next quarter. Actual results may vary materially from today’s statements.

Information concerning risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause these results to differ is included in our SEC filings, including those stated in the Risk Factors section of our filings with the SEC. These forward-looking statements represent our outlook only as of the date of this call. We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements. Additionally, the matters we will discuss today will include both GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures. Reconciliation of any non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures is set forth in our letter to shareholders. Non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for GAAP measures. Finally, today’s conference call is being recorded and webcasted.

Now I’ll turn the call over to Steve.

Steve Huffman: Thanks, Jesse. Hi, everyone. I’m Steve Reddit’s Co-Founder and CEO, and I’ll be kicking things off for us today. Welcome to our first earnings call as a public company. I’d like to start off by saying thank you for spending a bit of your time with us today. We believe that great companies are built in the public markets, and we’re proud to have made the transition this quarter. Our IPO was an important moment for the company. And I want to say thank you to our employees, our users and investors who all made it possible. And I also want to say welcome to our new investors, particularly to our new user investors for users to be able to own some of Reddit has long been dream of mine. Starting today and going forward, we want to include the community in this process.

Our current plan will be to answer a few of the questions on this call, and then we’ll do a few more on RDDT subreddit after this call. This process will likely evolve as we go forward. I also want to acknowledge the research analysts who have been with us on this journey, helping us to prepare by not doing just one but eight practice earnings calls over the last two years. Very much appreciated. Thank you. We’re happy with our progress this quarter. More people are visiting Reddit than ever before. Users grew 37% year-over-year in the first quarter. We averaged over 80 million users daily and 300 million users weekly, and we grew across logged in, logged out and within the US and abroad. The most reliable way for us to grow Reddit is to make Reddit better.

As such, our primary focus this year is to continue to make Reddit faster, easier to use and safer. Our new web platform, Shreddit is up to 100% of users, and it’s more than twice as fast as the platform that replaces, feed equals retention, retention equals growth. We also recently updated our native apps with instant comment loading, comments and conversation at the heart of Reddit and we made it faster and easier for users to join in. Our investments in machine learning and AI will continue to improve relevance, engagement and moderation. We have and will continue to use machine learning to improve our ability to help users find communities they’ll love, which in turn increases engagement across the platform. And for moderation, we’ve trained our own large language models that have dramatically reduced the time required for communities to enforce their own rules.

We’re in testing with this in a couple of communities right now, and we’ll be rolling out more broadly soon. And to grow outside the US, we’re using machine translation to unlock our mostly English corpus. We believe this will not only drive growth in the near-term, but also over time, will allow users from all over the world to connect regardless of the languages they speak. Now turning to some of our emerging areas as we think about the next generation of Reddit. A few of the initiatives we have here are the user economy, developer platform and search. The user economy refers to a family of features that will allow users to spend and earn money on Reddit. Launching soon is a revamped version of user awards and Reddit Gold, which is our virtual currency that enables both of these things.

And our developer platform, third party developers will be able to push the boundaries of what subreddit can be, and we’re excited with the early progress here. For example, wallstreetbets has livestock tickers for training stocks and a number of sports subreddit have built live scoreboards to track gain. Historically, the value of Reddit for users has been in conversation about recent topics, but with improvements to on-platform search, we can unlock the huge amount of latent value in past content, including all the answers, reviews, and advice that we have, and we’re going to continue to invest here. It’s an exciting time. The technology landscape is evolving and Reddit is becoming more important and valuable. Reddit is one of the largest places for authentic connection and conversation online, and more and more people are discovering and appreciating this.

We believe Reddit is more important now than ever before, not only as an alternative to traditional social media, but as we enter the AI era where the value of our corpus continues to grow. The paradox I see is that as more content on the Internet is written by machines, there’s an increasing premium on content that comes from real people. And we have nearly two decades of authentic conversation, unique perspectives, earnest advice, honest reviews and answers the questions about every topic imaginable. There are multiple ways, Reddit benefits from the evolving ecosystem, and we’re still in the early stages of exploring use cases for Reddit data. This includes both internally to improve the platform and experience for users and externally through partnerships.

We remain committed to the open Internet, but we need to be considered of where Redistata ends up and what it’s used for. And we need to find the right balance between open and fair and respectful of our users. To wrap up, this was a strong start of the year for Reddit and we’re executing better than ever. We see so much opportunity and could not be more excited about our future. Thanks again for taking time with us today. And now, I’ll hand it over to Jen.

Jen Wong: Thanks, Steve. Hello, everyone. Our IPO was an important milestone for Reddit in our communities, and I’m thankful for everyone that helped make it possible. I couldn’t be more excited about what its future as a public company. Reddit is still early in its monetization journey, I’m proud of what we have achieved to-date with our advertising business and our new and emerging businesses in data licensing and user economy. We aspire to be a leader in contextual and inter-space advertising. And every day, we are working to improve our advertiser solutions and bring new advertisers to the platform. In the first quarter, we successfully scaled and diversified our business, expanded partnerships, and executed on our ads platform roadmap.

Total revenue growth accelerated in the first quarter and grew by 48% year-over-year to $243 million, the fastest year-over-year growth since Q1 2022. We continue to see traction with our strategies alongside a more favorable ad market versus last year and made progress in our emerging data licensing business. Total U.S. revenue grew 53% and international revenue grew 30% year-over-year. International revenue represented 18% of total revenue in Q1. Advertising revenue grew 39% year-over-year to $223 million, the third consecutive quarter of accelerating growth year-over-year. Other revenue grew over 450% year-over-year to $20 million, primarily driven by new data licensing agreements we signed in the first quarter. I’ll first discuss our ad revenue drivers.

Our investments enabled us to drive performance for advertisers. Click volume doubled and we improved click-through rates by over 40% year-over-year in the quarter. Our full suite of solutions across the marketing funnel continue to position us well for a broad set of advertisers. Our performance advertising business, which drives traffic and conversions, drove more than half of our growth in the quarter. Ad revenue growth was primarily driven by increases in impressions delivered against a year-over-year decline in pricing. We saw revenue growth across all of our managed channels. Our scale business, mid-market, and SMB grew at a faster pace than total revenue. This is an investment area for us and was in line with our expectations. Our large customer service channel, which accounted for slightly over 60% of total revenue saw broad-based growth.

Looking at verticals, the tech vertical returned to growth and we experienced particular strength in the finance, pharma, and CPG categories, each growing over 50% year-over-year. I’m pleased with our progress to diversify our revenue. And in Q1, there is no vertical that exceeds 20% of our ad revenue today. In terms of geography, international revenue increased 30% year-over-year to $43 billion in the first quarter, an acceleration from 21% year-over-year growth in Q4 last year. This was driven by strength across large and mid-market customers in EMEA. We’ve also made meaningful progress against our ad tech roadmap. Here, we’ve our focus on a few key pillars; number one, improving usability for our advertisers and productivity of our sales force; number two, driving full funnel performance of our ad solutions; and number three, offering our advertisers Reddit unique solutions and creative that they can’t find anywhere else.

So, first, to improve usability for advertisers, we focus on cutting down the campaign setup time for self-serve and small businesses. We’re using advancements in AI to remove friction and reduce set of time. We launched an AI-driven headline generator for Simple Create, which is namely the self-serve creation flow for small businesses, and we’re seeing promising early activation and adoption rates. Next, to improve performance and measurability of our ad solutions, we made progress building out our conversion API ecosystem to capture more signals and improve our models that drive performance. We launched our [indiscernible] late last year and this quarter, we announced integrations with [indiscernible], a leading customer data platform and Google Tag Manager.

We continue to innovate with our ad products to bring our advertisers closer to our communities. We launched free-formats, which provides advertisers with a versatile and creative format to drive deeper engagement with users. Testing has shown that free-formats have a meaningfully higher click-through rate than other ad types, and we’ve seen double the number of campaigns per day since its launch. We also launched Reddit Pro, a free suite of AI-powered insights and tools to provide businesses an opportunity to establish and grow a meaningful organic presence on Reddit. We’re currently in beta with over 1,000 businesses, including Taco Bell, Wendy’s, NFL, the Wall Street Journal as well as several SMBs. We’re also continuing to lay the foundation for the future of shopping on Reddit.

Users come to Reddit during their purchasing journey and value the rich human-powered product and review discussions on our platform. We launched our first shopping ads and catalog ingest capabilities last year and are now testing dynamic product ads. We’re pleased with the early results. Next, I’ll share an update on our data licensing business. Our data licensing business continues to grow and evolve as the market is still nascent. In the first quarter, we signed licensing agreements with various companies in the social listening space and with Google as we previously announced. The financial impact of the signed partnerships are reflected in our Q1 financials as other revenue and in our revenue guide for Q2, which you’ll hear from Drew shortly.

Over time, we will strategically explore data licensing partnerships, as well as other uses for Reddit data internally, which we believe is also valuable in improving the platform and experience for our users and customers. Overall, we delivered solid results in our first quarter as a public company and remain focused on executing and fulfilling our mission. I hope you share the same excitement that we have in Reddit’s future and look forward to the journey ahead. Now I’ll turn the call over to Drew.

Drew Vollero: Thank you, Jen, and good afternoon, everyone. As we often say, Reddit has a powerful financial model that’s straightforward, advantaged and scalable. The power of the financial model was evident in the first quarter, we reached an important inflection point. In the first quarter, we were adjusted EBITDA profitable, which is both a marked difference from a year ago and a positive start to 2024. The key to that success was that revenue grew over 5x as fast as total adjusted costs. In the quarter, revenues grew 48% year-over-year and total adjusted costs grew 9% year-over-year. Let’s summarize the highlights. AUQ averaged $82.7 million, up 37% year-over-year, driven by structural product changes that have increased speed, onboarding, simplicity and consumer connection to more relevant content.

Domestic users were 50% of total users in the quarter, logged-in users were about 48% of the user base. Sequentially, we added 9.6 million users in the quarter, our largest increase in 3 years, with 60% — with over 60% of those users being logged out. Revenues were $243 million, up 48% year-over-year, driven by both a strong acceleration in the ad business and the incremental data licensing revenue from new large and small deals. Other revenue was $20 million in the quarter, up 454% from last year. International revenues were $43 million, up 30% year-over-year and 18% of total revenue. Reddit’s business model has a couple of distinct advantages, which really shined in the quarter in 2 areas. First, our gross margins remain best-in-class. Gross margins were 88.6% in the first quarter, up 500 basis points versus last year, driven by high-margin revenue gains, lower hosting contract prices, tax dep efficiencies and the accretive margin tailwind for the new data licensing deals.

Second, our CapEx remains very light. CapEx was about $3 million in the first quarter and just over 1% of revenue. Low CapEx was a contributing factor to our positive free cash flow that was $29 million in the quarter. As we scaled our business, we saw great operating leverage in two areas: first was leverage in operating expenses and headcount. Non-GAAP operating expenses were up 10% year-over-year, as we continue to hire selectively in strategic areas, such as sales, ad tech and machine learning. Total Q1 ending headcount increased 2% sequentially and 4% year-over-year. Second was operating leverage on incremental sales. In Q1, revenue increased approximately $79 million year-over-year, and adjusted EBITDA increased about $60 million year-over-year, implying that over $0.75 on the incremental sales dollar reached the bottom line in the first quarter.

These highly profitable incremental revenue dollars really helped drive positive free cash flow and swim our business into profitability on an adjusted EBITDA basis. That said, we did have a GAAP net loss of $575 million in Q1, driven by stock-based compensation related taxes from the IPO. Stock-based compensation, including related taxes for the quarter was $595 million, up from $13 million a year ago, driven primarily by one-time expenses related to the vesting of restricted stock units in connection with our initial public offering. On a non-GAAP basis, adjusted EBITDA was approximately $10 million in the first quarter, nearly a $60 million improvement from the first quarter of the prior year. This marks our first profitable Q1 on an adjusted EBITDA basis, which in digital advertising is traditionally the slowest quarter of the year Positive adjusted EBITDA was a strong driver of cash flow for the quarter.

Cash from operating activities was $32 million in the first quarter, driven by improved performance and working capital improvements in DSO and DPO. A couple of other financial notes of interest on cash and shares. At the end of the first quarter, cash and marketable securities ended at $1.67 billion and includes all IPO proceeds at this point, dilution from employee grants was about 0.6% of our fully diluted shares outstanding, as we issued about 1.2 million shares to employees in Q1. We view stock as a cost of our business and plan to manage dilution to be in line with peers in a low single-digit percentage range over time. As we look ahead, we’ll share our internal thoughts on revenue and adjusted EBITDA for the second quarter, which is where we have the greatest visibility.

In the second quarter of 2024, we estimate revenue to be in the range of $240 million to $255 million and adjusted EBITDA to be in the range of $0 million to $15 million. So in summary, Q1 was a strong start to the year, with accelerated user and revenue growth and modest cost growth, which fueled solid margin expansion, adjusted EBITDA profitability and positive free cash flow. Now let me turn the call back over to Steve.

Steve Huffman: Thanks, Drew. Thanks, Jen. Okay. We’re going to take a couple of questions from the community quickly, and then we’ll turn it over to the call here. The first question from the community, how are your initiatives going in terms of licensing data for AI data models, plans to expand beyond Google? The short answer is yes. But we’re being considered and selective with our partners, especially for the larger scale search and training deals. We need to be very considerate of where our data goes and what it’s being used for. I can’t comment on deals that are under negotiation, but the landscape is bifurcated. There are a handful of large players and then there are many more smaller opportunities, and we’re looking in above.

That said, not all plays an ecosystem. I think are good fits for Reddit. We’re in early days here. I’d say, big picture, we have seen an increase in interest in Reddit/stata for various uses. And so we’ll see — look forward to how this grows looking forward.

Jesse Rose: Okay. Second question, Jen, I think this one for you. Can you go into specifics about what types of advertising are most responsible for the strong increase in earnings? Is that mostly increased sales on previously existing types of advertising or new types of advertising on the platform?

Jen Wong: Sure. Thanks for the question. We actually saw growth in both supply and demand. Let me talk about the demand side. So across the funnel, we saw — we saw growth across the funnel sort of the Brand upper funnel, mid-funnel which is traffic driving as well as the bottom of the funnel, which is driving conversion. Brand, in particular, had a nice quarter and showed strength, certainly relative to — I think Q1 2022 was the last really strong Brand quarter. So it was really nice to see Brand come back. And mid is doing really well because we have made those improvements in CTR, 40% year-over-year, doubling click volumes, a lot of efficiency for advertisers. We also saw broad-based strength across the managed channels, particularly in mid-market and our large customer channel in North America and Continental Europe.

And then we have strength in verticals like finance, pharma, CPG and tech return to growth. On the supply side, while designing new ad placement is an opportunity. These — our inventory today really consists of two core ad types. It’s the ad in the feed and the ad in the conversations with the comment page. We did see strong growth in conversation placement inventory from users spending more time reading comments and diving deeper, as well as from some ad platform work. So both supply and demand were helpful in drivers in our business.

Jesse Rose: Great. Thanks, Jen. Julian, why don’t we open up the line, take some questions from folks online.

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Q&A Session

Operator: Certainly [Operator Instructions] Our first question will come from Ron Josey from Citi. Please go ahead. Your line is open.

Q – Ron Josey: Great. Thanks for the question. Steve, Jen, Drew, great quarter. I wanted to ask, Steve, on global DAQ growing by $9.6 million sequentially. Just talk about the drivers here and the sustainability. Steve I know you mentioned SHRED-It’s now fully rolled out, improved search is doing better and the home feed ML. But any insights on the sustainability of just user growth would be helpful. And then Jen and Drew, I think the comment was the ad market is healthy, but I would love to hear your thoughts as we get into the back half of the year, certainly tougher comps as well. Thank you.

Steve Huffman: Sure, sure. Thanks. So user growth, we’re happy with the results. The main driver of growth is the product is better. And so yes, we mentioned D Steve Huffman Shred- It performance, both equals retention for users. Web performance also has been driving an increase in traffic from Google, which is driving the increase largely in the logged-out users. But logged-in users, which is the core of our business, the bedrock of our inventory is also up 27% year-over-year. And the growth there is really driven by improvements to product quality. So the sign-up has gotten much more efficient, onboarding has gotten better than home feed relevance for users, finding content that’s relevant to them in their first session on Reddit.

We’ve gotten much more effective at that. We feel confident looking forward because the growth that we’ve seen isn’t a — it’s not like a onetime spike. We’ve been adding users very consistently for the last year, roughly two million users a month, seven of the last 10 months, and one million users in eight of the 10 last month. And so long story short, our work is working of focusing on product performance and quality, and that’s driving retention. And so the other thing we’re looking forward to as we go forward is international growth. We’re still 50/50 US versus non-US but our peers are more 80% to 90% non-US. And so I think there’s a huge opportunity there. I think one of the big unlocks for us in the near to medium-term is machine translation.

So we’re translating our entire corpus that’s today mostly in English and the other languages and hope that, that will help accelerate international growth. Jen, Drew, do you want to comment on the second half of the year outlook?

Jen Wong: Yeah, I’ll kick it off and then pass to Drew. Look, market is healthy brand advertising, its strong as it’s been since 2022. We’re feeling good in many parts of our business are working well in Q1 in the first half and are well-positioned for the second half. So our strategies are gaining traction. Adds, I like the vertical diversification. We like the accelerated growth in the mid-market channel and both in North America and in coming in Europe. So a lot of positive traction. The reality is Q1 had an easier comp, the 12% year-over-year growth from Q1, 2023. We did a low visibility into the second half. And 80% of our revenue is in the US and there is a US election, which could impact our advertisers like campaigns, especially brand advertisers.

And there’s also inflation, geopolitical context and some type of comps in Q3, Q4. But we feel like we’ve had a really solid start for strategy gaining traction. We feel good, but we just have a low visibility back end of the year. Let me pass to Drew to add some more color.

Drew Vollero: Yeah. No, I think that’s well said, Jen. I think that it was a good quarter for us, Ron start to finish. Even March was very strong. I think as Jen mentioned, the comps in the first quarter are a little lower than the back half of the year, they’re in the 20s. We also may have picked up some momentum from the IPO, hard to say to identify that. But we did, as I said, see strength in March. Look on the cost side of things, I think we found a good rhythm right now. I think in the last four quarters, total adjusted costs have been up 5% to 15%, average 9%. I think we’re really at a place where we have good scale as a company, and we’re adding resources where it makes sense. I talked about adding resources in our machine learning teams in our sales teams.

I think we’re in a place where we have scale, and we’re adding selectively. As you know, headcount is by far and away, the biggest part of our cost driver. OpEx is 85% of total costs here, total adjusted costs here at the company. So I think we feel good at least for the next couple of quarters on how we’re thinking about things, but we’ll see how it plays out and I echo Jen’s sentiments on kind of the headwinds and tailwinds on the back half of the year and the things that we’re watching.

Operator: Our next question comes from Doug Anmuth from J.P. Morgan. Please go ahead. Your line is open.

Doug Anmuth: Thanks for taking the questions. I have two, one for Steve, one for Drew. Steve, you highlighted the large opportunity in on-platform search. Can you just talk about what excites you here for both users and with advertisers? And then Drew, if you could just follow up on those comments a little bit more on the investment philosophy this year. You pulled back a lot in 2023, but we’re obviously seeing big incrementals in 1Q. How do we think about that 5X spread between revenue growth and cost growth as you go through the course of the year and beyond? Thank you.

Steve Huffman: Sure, thanks. So first question is on on-platform search. So like a ton of our users run searches in their first session on Reddit. And so when I talk about one of the biggest challenges and opportunities we face being helping users find their home on Reddit, many of them are typing into a box exactly what they’re interested in. And so I think just from a user experience point of view, on-platform search on Reddit being great is a huge opportunity. Now today we do over a billion queries per month on Reddit, but I think there’s an opportunity for quite a bit more. So we’ve been investing in our search back end, some quality of life features like fail track and autocomplete are coming online as we speak. We’ve got some, I think, very sensible and overdue improvements to the user interface coming up this year as well.

And then as the search product itself gets better, of course, then there’s an opportunity to monetize those pages. So there are no ads today on search result pages. But that’s obviously a very high-performing product elsewhere on the Internet. And I think there’s no reason to believe that it wouldn’t be for Reddit as well because the intention is so explicit when users are searching. So first step, improve the product for users. And then I think when we feel like we have a good foundation there, we’ll start looking at monetization. Drew, I think the next question was investment philosophy?

Drew Vollero: Yeah, investment philosophy. Doug, thanks for the question. Look, in terms of the investment philosophy, it didn’t change here. Your point about revenue five times as fast as cost, yes, nice to see for sure. It really was about the revenue line or the numerator expanding. Last three quarters, we’ve averaged about 23% revenue growth. This quarter, 48. If I look at our total adjusted cost growth, last four quarters has been 9%. This quarter was 9%. So the investments in the business stayed the same or consistent with the four-quarter average. What really happened here is we were able to leverage those resources and really drive a top line that was meaningfully different, double the growth rate over the last three quarters.

So I think that’s really what happened in terms of that. I will tell you that’s an output metric. We didn’t sort of design the quarter to be that way. I think internally, long-term, Doug, we’d like our revenue growth rate to be twice as fast as our cost growth. Like, that’s how we think about running this business over the long-term. But there are certainly quarters where we can do better than that, and I think the first quarter was a prime example of that.

Operator: Our next question comes from Brian Nowak from Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead. Your line is open.

Brian Nowak: Thanks for taking my questions. I have two. The first one is on the strong user growth. Is there any way you can sort of help us unpack a little bit the benefit of the new Google partnership? Maybe any quantification of the incremental traffic, what you saw in traffic trends coming out of that from Google? And then I guess to follow-up on that, where are you on sort of the Google SGE integration? Should we think of it as a sort of a more queries you’re going to be integrated in over the course of the year to make this tailwind grow? Or sort of how does that relationship work?

Steve Huffman : Sure, Brian, it’s Steve. So look, the biggest factor driving user growth is the performance and product quality, because that’s what’s driving retention. And so retention compounds into growth over time. Yes, we’re seeing a tailwind from Google, and you can see that in our logged out numbers. But that’s not the agreement we have with Google around the data training that has nothing to do with traffic. I think really the most — the biggest driver of uptick in traffic from Google is also performance. Google bot like speed, it keeps track of the performance of the pages at crawls. And we made those pages in some cases, more than twice as fast, in some cases, up to five times as fast. And so that has a huge improvement in ranking.

We do see algorithm changes from Google. Usually, you can expect maybe two a year. But sometimes they help sometimes they hurt. So you’ll never hear us celebrating or complaining about those. But you can see the consistency in our growth for the last year, but over $1 million a month, basically for the last year. And so that — I think that’s been really strong and consistent and speaks to the foundational improvements. And then I think there’s a secular trend that benefits at it, which is in the AI era, people value authentic content more, right, content written by humans, and that’s what Reddit is, and that’s what Reddit has. And so I think there’s a thirst for authentic opinions and advice and commentary and just conversations. And so I think that’s the kind of irony of the technology shift that we’re going through is it’s the value of humans and fresh ideas continues to grow.

Now in terms of the Google experiences, how their product impacts Reddit, that’s one of the things we’re considered if when we do any sort of deal, which is like how do you display Reddit data making sure that folks linked to us and that sort of thing. And so look, I feel pretty confident in how this will play out. Like we’ve been a beneficiary of Reddit being in search and in Google for a long time. And so I think Reddit being well indexed is good for our respective companies, but most importantly, it’s good for the end user who gets to find the answers to their questions. It brings new users to Reddit, it helps them find their home on Reddit. And so I think Google is getting better and better at displaying our content can only help. And we’ve seen that play out for over a decade now.

Operator: Our next question comes from Justin Post from Bank of America. Please go ahead. Your line is open.

Justin Post : Great. I’d like to ask one more about users and then just guidance philosophy. Certainly, a good user quarter. Just wondering about retention and churn are you seeing more people come at the top of the funnel, and that’s driving it? I’m talking about Logged-in, of course. Or are you just seeing less churn? Or are people coming in more frequently, so weeklies are coming in daily or is it everything? But maybe a little more color on that. And then, Drew, maybe on the guidance since this is your first quarter just tell us a little bit more about your guidance philosophy. Sequential is maybe a little less than last year. Maybe it was a really tough comp. But just tell us how you think about guidance that you want to provide each quarter. Thank you.

Steve Huffman: Sure. So on users, the credit has long had a massive top of funnel. We’ve been reporting more than 500 million monthly users for quite some time. Now we only update that user — that number periodically, because we really run the business on dailies and weeklies. And so — but the way we think about it is we need to improve user retention. And we’re pretty confident that, just to every user on the Internet is going to bounce off read periodically, whether it’s through search or a word of mouth or this or that. The challenge to us is can we retain those users. And so that’s why our focus has been on quality, performance onboarding. And so we’ve seen really nice improvement to new user retention and user reselections and so bringing old users back.

And so those are the input metrics that we really look at when we’re building new products and those compounds and the growth. So that’s why I keep saying, I think what we’ve done has made improvements to the foundation. And we get to mine those improvements for some time as opposed to this is maybe a one-time shift or things. We had a good quarter. The product is simply better, and we’re benefiting from that now. Okay. Second question, I think, Drew, was on guidance.

Drew Vollero: Right. Justin, high-level, we will guide on a quarterly basis, one quarter ahead, we’ll do revenues. And we’ll do adjusted EBITDA. That’s what we’re comfortable with at this time. In terms of the second quarter guide, I take your point we grew 48% in the first quarter. The midpoint of the guide is mid-30s. So there is a little bit of a — de-cell there. Look, I think as we mentioned, it was a strong quarter for us, top to bottom. The month of March was very good for us, as I mentioned. I think we’re just looking at the comps a little bit. I think that’s a little bit, driving where we are at this point. The comp was, as Jen mentioned, 12% in the first quarter, the comp is 23. I do think we might have gotten a little bit of tailwind from the IPO in the first quarter.

We’ll see if those tailwinds continue. A couple of other things that kind of works in our favor in the first quarter, right, you get an extra day with Leap Day. The Easter was a little bit earlier, like all the things kind of worked a little bit. But overall, as Jen said, it’s a good solid start to the year for us, and we’ll sort of see how we do. I think bigger picture, we’re keeping our eye on a couple of things, particularly geopolitics, I think that is the one thing that can affect you intra-quarter depending on sort of what the geopolitical situation is, brand advertisers can pull advertising if things aren’t where they want it to be from time-to-time. So those are — that’s probably the biggest one. We’re looking at inflation and elections to those are the other couple of things that we take a look at.