Colony Bankcorp, Inc. (NASDAQ:CBAN) Q1 2024 Earnings Call Transcript

Colony Bankcorp, Inc. (NASDAQ:CBAN) Q1 2024 Earnings Call Transcript April 25, 2024

Colony Bankcorp, Inc.  isn’t one of the 30 most popular stocks among hedge funds at the end of the third quarter (see the details here).

Operator: Good day, everyone, and welcome to Colony Bank’s First Quarter 2024 Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. Later, you’ll have the opportunity to ask questions during the question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] Please note, this call is being recorded. I’ll be standing by if you should need any assistance. It is now my pleasure to turn the conference over to Colony’s Chief Financial Officer, Mr. Derek Shelnutt.

Derek Shelnutt: Thanks, Abby. Before we get started, I would like to go through our standard disclosures. Certain statements we make on this call could be constituted as forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Current and prospective investors are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, but involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties. Factors that could cause these differences include, but are not limited to, pandemics, variations of the company’s assets, businesses, cash flows, financial condition, prospects, and other results of operations. I would also like to add that during our call today, we will reference both our earnings release and our quarterly investor presentation, both of which were filed yesterday.

So please have those available to reference. And with that, I will turn the call over to our Chief Executive Officer, Heath Fountain.

Heath Fountain: Thanks, Derek, and I want to thank all of you for being on the call today and for your support of Colony. We’re pleased with our improved operating results in the first quarter as well as the progress that we’ve made over the last several quarters. We’ve managed to build on our core customer relationships, strengthen our complementary lines of business, and align expenses with our current growth outlook, all while continuing to innovate and enhance our customer experience. I first want to thank and congratulate our team members on a great quarter. It’s their commitment to achieve our internal mission to build a sustainable, high performing, independent bank that’s driving our improved earnings. In the first quarter, operating net income increased nearly $400,000 and a lot of that’s driven by continued improvement in our non-interest income lines of business.

Non-interest income increased almost $1 million on an operating basis. Last quarter, we mentioned that we expect to see a few more basis points of margin decline, and we did see 1 basis point during the first quarter which was slightly better than our expectations. We saw some stability and slowing in the rise of our cost of funds during the quarter. However, as you all know, as we’ve entered into the second quarter, we’ve seen the rate environment heat back up. The five and 10-year treasury have increased over 40 basis points since the end of the quarter, and you’ve also seen the likelihood of rate cuts this year continue to diminish. That’s driving more competition for deposits in the marketplace, and we will see that put continued pressure on our funding costs.

Given that while we’re closer to the end of margin contraction, we could see margin decline another 3 basis points to 5 basis points from here. If this environment stays where it is now, before we start to see that recover and expand, we believe in the second half of the year. Derek’s going to discuss the next items in more detail, but during the first quarter, we did make some strategic balance sheet adjustments, including the sale of securities and some loans, as well as the pay down of broker deposits and borrowings. These adjustments are part of our ongoing balance sheet management and we likely will see similar transactions, particularly the security sales, going forward, when we believe they’re appropriate helpful to future earnings.

We’re glad to see our complementary lines of business continue to progress. The performance of those lines are highlighted on Slide 9. There is seasonality to our Marine, RV and our Merchant Service lines of business. So when you look at Q1 last year, we saw a lot of improvement over Q1 this year. Even though they’re down a little bit from Q4, we do expect Marine, RV to be profitable going forward and Merchant to reach profitability in the next quarter or so. The biggest driver in the increase in our non-interest income was from gains on sale of SBA loans. During the first quarter, our SBSL or Small Business Specialty Lending group hit the high mark over the last year or so. We continue to see success with our small dollar lending program and expect to see those do well over the next several quarters.

For mortgage, the first quarter is typically a slower quarter for mortgage in any kind of environment and of course, we still see a challenging interest rate environment for mortgage. However, we did see our mortgage group break – come pretty close to breakeven in the first quarter and certainly improvement over where we were in the first quarter of 2023. We did see loans decline during the first quarter, primarily as a result of the sale of portfolio mortgage loans that I mentioned earlier and that Derek will go into more detail on, and some criticized loans that paid off during the quarter. However, if you look at our average balance of loans, we were down only about $3 million quarter-over-quarter in average balance, and our current loan levels today and our pipeline indicate we should expect some modest loan growth for the rest of this year, which is what we’ve been forecasting the last few quarters.

Total deposits did go down quarter-over-quarter, but that was primarily due to the payoff of broker deposits. We are glad to report that our core customer deposits increased by about $12 million over last quarter, and we remain focused on building core deposits and deepening our customer relationships. Expense discipline remains a priority and although non-interest expense increased slightly from the prior quarter, it was offset by increased non-interest income. So our net non-interest expense to average assets, which given our business lines is really how we think best to judge our operating efficiency. That number was 1.38 on an operating basis in the first quarter, which is exactly the same as it was last quarter, and a significant improvement from 1.78 in the first quarter of 2023.

We feel good about our overall credit quality. Non-performing loans decreased quarter-over-quarter in addition to the decrease in net charge-offs over the prior quarter. The charge-offs we have seen are primarily related to the unguaranteed portion of our SBA loans. We expect to see some – we did expect to see that increase in charge-offs as we talked about the last couple of quarters, and we expect to see some of those small dollar loans to have that as well and we started to see that. However, those loans do have a great premium that we sell those for, and so we think it’s a great revenue source for our SBSL team and overall very profitable product. Innovation, as I mentioned earlier, despite the focus on we’ve had on expense control, we’ve continued with innovation.

It’s an important part of our growth strategy, our ability to better serve our customers effectively and efficiently. Our team’s got a number of innovation initiatives that they’re working on that will give us a better customer experience and boost our customer service standards of being collaborative prompt and simple, and we’re looking forward to seeing some of that roll out through the rest of the year. And with that, I’m going to turn it back over to Derek, who’s going to go over the numbers in some more detail.

Derek Shelnutt: Thanks, Heath. I’ll start off with our earnings for the quarter. On a GAAP basis, net income decreased around $265,000, but excluding the loss on security sales, operating net income increased about $376,000. Interest income increased from the prior quarter, but was slightly outpaced by the increase in interest expense, which led to a decline in net interest income of about $220,000. This led to a slight margin decrease of 1 basis point from 2.70% in the prior quarter to 2.69% this quarter. The margin decline was a little less than our expectations as Heath mentioned earlier, and we still do expect to see some margin decline in the 3 to 5 basis point range before we start seeing any expansion. We have been seeing some slowdown in the increase of our cost of interest bearing liabilities, that was 2.58% in the first quarter, up 8 basis points from the fourth quarter.

To compare, the increase from the third quarter of 2023 to the fourth quarter of 2023 was 24 basis points from 2.26% to 2.50%. If interest rates stay where they are for a while, we’ll continue to see our cost of funds increase, but we expect it to be at a slower pace than what we saw throughout 2023. On an operating basis, non-interest income increased $973,000 during the first quarter. This was primarily a result of an increase in SBA gain and related fee income of $535,000 and is related to the increased gains from the newer small dollar loan product. Net service charge and fee income was slightly down due to fewer days during the quarter and revenue from both wealth and insurance showed some small increases from the prior quarter. Our BOLI income did increase quarter-over-quarter, but was a result of a one-time claim payout in the first quarter.

Non-interest expense totaled $20.4 million and most of that increase was in employee compensation and benefits. The first quarter is when we see annual salary increases go into effect, we typically see more payroll taxes at the beginning of the year and 401(k) match resets. On last quarter’s call, we mentioned that we would likely see an increase in expenses in the first quarter and that we were still targeting that 1.40% net NIE to assets, operating net NIE to assets was 1.38% in the first quarter and we see it being around that 1.40% range for the next few quarters. Total non-interest expense of around $20 million is what we’re expecting on a go forward basis, but it could be slightly higher based on activity and we would anticipate that we sell with non-interest income.

Provision expense totaled $1 million for the quarter. Net charge-offs were slightly down quarter-over-quarter. Total non-performing loans decreased $3.8 million from $10.2 million last quarter to $6.4 million this quarter. Of the $665,000 a net charge-offs, $535,000 of that was from the unguaranteed portion of SBA loans and our SBSL division. The small dollar express loans, which are 85% guaranteed have slightly higher losses, but they also have higher premiums when sold. We’ve recently tightened our underwriting a little on these and are still seeing good volume, so we think they’re going to be a good product long-term. Total loans held for investment decreased $24.5 million from the prior quarter. However, as Heath mentioned earlier, our quarterly average is down only about $3 million.

Overall loan demand has slowed, but the driver for this quarter was primarily the sale of $8 million of portfolio mortgages for $84,000 gain and payoffs close to $10 million in loans that no longer matched our credit standards. Based on our current pipeline, we still expect modest loan growth this year and on the last call, we said that we expected to see that pickup in the later half of the year, and that’s still what we’re anticipating. Total deposits declined $22 million and was due to the payoff of $34.5 million of broker deposits. We grew customer core deposits by $12.5 million and that still remains a primary focus area for us. Additionally, we paid down FHLB borrowings by $20 million during the quarter and in doing so further reduced our reliance on higher cost funding.

We did not have any outstanding overnight borrowings and still maintain a strong liquidity position. The overall value of our investments portfolio increased and led to an increase in OCI of about $1.3 million quarter-over-quarter. We did sell investment securities for a $555,000 loss during the quarter and a few details about that are highlighted on Slide 33 in the investor presentation. The fair value of those securities was around $8.6 million with a book yield of 2.05%. Our conservative estimates put that earn back at about two years, but could be shorter if deployed into loans. It’s likely that we will do some more restructuring going forward and those transactions would probably be of a somewhat similar size. The portfolio mortgage sales, pay downs on wholesale funding and investment security sales are all part of our prudent balance sheet management strategy and we feel that continuing to optimize our funding mix alongside restructuring underperforming assets puts us in a better position for overall margin improvement.

Mortgage is still seeing stable production relative to the higher rate environment. The first quarter pretax profit was right around breakeven and a big improvement over the first quarter of last year. In our SBSL division, the smaller express loans are doing well and offsetting some of the slowdown we’ve seen for the larger SBA loans. We continue to see improvement in our startup complementary lines of business. The breakdown of income on a pretax basis is on Slide 9. Marine and RV lending is seasonal and we’re just getting into the prime season now. However, we see considerable improvement when compared to the first quarter of 2023. Heading into the 2024 season, we’ve almost triple the number of dealers in our network when compared to the end of March last year.

And we’ve recently implemented auto decisioning software, which is aligned with our underwriting guidelines and enables us to quickly respond to dealers in our network. Merchant services has also made great progress, when compared to the first quarter of last year, the total number of customers are up 46% since last March. The total number of quarterly transactions are up 92% in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023. And the total quarterly volume is up 75% compared to the first quarter of 2023. Volume continues to increase and we have the capacity to significantly grow revenue with our current resources without adding a lot of additional expense. We also see this as a great lead product in developing full customer relationships with potential customers.

Colony wealth advisors continues to add revenue and increase assets under management and we see a lot of opportunity ahead. And for Colony insurance, we recently expanded our product offerings by adding a life insurance specialist to the team. We feel adding life insurance to our list of products allows us to better serve our customers and generate additional revenue. That concludes my overview, and now we’ll turn it back over to Heath for any final comments before we take questions.

Heath Fountain: Thanks, Derek. That does wrap up our comments, and with that I’ll call on Abby to open up the line for questions.

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Q&A Session

Operator: [Operator Instructions] And your first question comes from the line of David Bishop from the Hovde Group. Please go ahead.

David Bishop: Yes. Good morning, gentlemen.

Heath Fountain: Good morning.

David Bishop: Yes. Just curious, very strong quarter from the small business segment, probably double what it was last first quarter. Did that sort of drain the pipeline? Should we expect sort of a dramatic fall off from here? Do you think that $2 million are approximately that’s a pretty good run rate moving forward. I’m just curious how we should think about overall fee income in the second quarter and beyond as you sort of rebuild the pipeline.

Heath Fountain: Yes. So we do expect it might not be quite this strong, but we do expect it to be stronger than previous year’s volumes in the SBSL group with the addition of this, there’s, I think, a lot of opportunity there. Of course, other fee income, as we look out for the year, Q1 is always light in our customer related fees, whether it be our deposit account fees, our interchange, all that. So second quarter, we would expect some of those things to pick back up normally. And despite mortgage challenges that are out there, we would certainly expect the second quarter to be stronger than the first quarter from our mortgage side. So we should see a good fee income going forward.

David Bishop: Okay. And then I know earlier in the reporting season, I think some peers, we’re hearing some issues, maybe in the RV and Marine segment, I guess related to inventory build. Are you seeing any sort of blips or issues there related to RV and Marine lending?

Heath Fountain: No. We have seen a little bit of charge-offs there, nothing significant. Of course, we’ve – we’re newer into that business. So it’s not quite a season, maybe some other portfolios, but our outlook for that is good. We’re just kind of gearing up into the Marine portion of the season, generally this time of year. So while our mix is roughly half by the end of the year, we’ll start to see a pickup in Marine during the spring buying season and then the RV would generally pick up backup in the fall. So it’s probably real early to make any projections on the RV side. But the Marine side looks strong and the demand looks good there. And there’s available inventory, which had been challenging in the past. So don’t feel like the inventory on the Marine side is an issue with too much or too little.

David Bishop: Got it. And then I appreciate the NIM outlook there. Does the securities restructure have any sort of impact there in terms of investment yields? Just curious how we should think about that moving forward. And should we continue to expect some runoff in the brokered deposit funding source?

Derek Shelnutt: Yes. So I think with the security sales this size that we did this quarter is probably not going to have a huge impact on the margin overall. But I think continuing to see these types of transactions as they make sense are going to overall kind of help speed up some of the improvement that we expect there. I mean, especially if we see continuing loan demand and can reprice those underperforming assets into loans. So I think that’s going to be positive going forward for earnings. And then we’ve been managing to pay down broker deposits and I think we’ll continue to do that as we have that availability. So we should see it come down a little bit. But we’re well below when you compare to our peers our level of broker deposits. So we feel pretty comfortable there. And then we have the optionality to get some if we need it. But I think our focus has been paying that down as much as we can.

Heath Fountain: And I would just add, Dave, as I mentioned, the quarter ended and then over the subsequent little bit right at the end of the quarter, and then over the last few weeks, you’ve seen rates move back up significantly. I know in listening to a lot of the earnings calls, the bigger banks were pushing hard to drive some deposit costs down. But what we’re seeing from more higher competition in regional and community banks, we’re seeing pretty strong competition for deposits still. So we’re going to push hard to drive customer deposits as affordable as possible. But we may, especially as loan growth picks back up, we may have to pull in some brokered for a little bit like we’ve done in the past to fund it and then go out and generate it from our customers to balance it out, do shorter terms and try to keep those at a minimal.

David Bishop: Got it. Then last question. I’ll hop back in the queue. The – There was just – looks like maybe three or four loans on the commercial real estate side flowed into the classified. Any commentary just on the puts and takes and what you’re seeing on sort of the criticized and classified front?

Heath Fountain: Yes. What we’re really, the only thing we’re really seeing on the criticized and classified coming in is on the coming out of the SBA lending group. Those have seen the biggest amounts of rate change since they’re most all variable rate loans. And so we’re just continuing to see some of that weakness that we’ve talked about, like the last couple of quarters. So we don’t see material challenges from that. And as you’ve seen our reserves remained strong. We have had to provision a lot for those, but we got to pull them in and work through them.

David Bishop: Great. Thank you.

Operator: Your next question comes from the line of Christopher Marinac from Janney Montgomery and Scott. Please go ahead.

Christopher Marinac: Hey, thanks. Good morning. I wanted to ask more about the office portfolio. Is there any part of that that is criticized and can you just give us an update on kind of what you’re seeing on that service coverage for those particular loans?

Heath Fountain: Yes, Chris. And we outline a slide on our office portfolio. So I think you get a pretty granular view on that. We are not seeing challenges on the office side. Again, our office is different from most given our lack of exposure to major markets. So most of our office is in the one, two, three story categories, again, we also break down the loan to value there, and we’re not seeing any real challenges in that sector of the portfolio.

Christopher Marinac: Okay, so criticized are low, then the debt service coverage ratios are still above which the LTV would have indicated anyways.